The issue of human trafficking remains a major concern in Mauritania, as confirmed by the recent 2026 report published by the US Department of State. In this reference document, the country is maintained at Tier 2, a classification that testifies to persistent challenges but also to continuous monitoring on this sensitive issue. At the heart of this problem is the situation of exploited persons, for whom the number of official identifications stands at 177 recorded cases. This figure highlights the scale of the work to be done to eradicate these practices. However, beyond identification, it is the crucial stage of victim assistance that is currently in question. Available information indicates a notable decline in the quality and accessibility of support mechanisms. While identification is an essential first step, the insufficiency of support structures compromises the reintegration and effective protection of these individuals. This situation raises questions about the resources implemented by the authorities and stakeholders concerned to transform census efforts into a genuine social and legal protection policy. The persistence of this decline in assistance leaves doubt about the effectiveness of current measures in the face of a complex phenomenon that requires a coordinated and sustained response. Mauritania's maintenance at Tier 2 thus reflects a contrasted reality: on the one hand, a sustained willingness to assess the situation via international reports, and on the other hand, a structural fragility in the concrete aid provided to identified victims. It is now crucial to determine whether the resources allocated will allow these gaps in assistance to be filled in the future, as the number of 177 identified victims testifies to the persistence of these trafficking networks on national territory.